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Latest Research: A Third Dose of the Clover Two-Valent Vaccine Shows a Significant Advantage in Neutralizing Omicron
Published Time：
2022-03-11
Currently, with Omicron raging globally, and standard two-dose vaccination failing to provide sufficient protection against Omicron, adjusting vaccination strategies for more effective prevention has become a global concern.
The latest live virus neutralization test data shows that the neutralization levels of the Lizhu prototype vaccine and bivalent vaccine are 4.9 and 11.2 times that of the inactivated vaccine, respectively. After boosting with the bivalent vaccine, the neutralization level against Omicron is equivalent to the neutralization level of three doses of the inactivated vaccine against the original strain. This undoubtedly provides a better choice for vaccination in China and globally.
Three-dose neutralization level significantly higher than two-dose
A third homologous booster dose effectively prevents severe illness
A paper published in BMC Medicine by Fudan University shows that through various vaccine combinations, including two mRNA vaccines, two protein subunit vaccines, and one inactivated vaccine (Moderna (mRNA-1273), Pfizer (BNT162b2), Novavax (NVX-CoV2373), Lizhu (V01), and Sinovac (CoronaVac)), researchers evaluated the neutralization levels against the Delta variant. The study found that a third homologous booster dose induced significantly higher neutralization levels than standard two-dose vaccination.
Specifically regarding changes in neutralizing antibody levels, researchers estimate that 14-30 days after the second dose of Moderna and Pfizer, the effectiveness in preventing Delta infection was 63% and 78%, respectively, dropping to 36.0% and 38% after 6-8 months. After a third dose 30 days later, the effectiveness recovered to 97%.
In the clinical trials of the five vaccines, except for Sinovac, the GMT of neutralizing antibody levels 14-30 days after two doses were higher than that of convalescent serum (1.6-11 times) for other vaccines. However, it dropped significantly after 6-8 months, and the third dose quickly restored it, with a peak higher than the second dose.
Meanwhile, based on neutralizing antibody levels, the effectiveness of several vaccines in preventing symptomatic infection dropped significantly 5-8 months after vaccination, and the Delta variant further reduced effectiveness. However, 14-30 days after a third homologous dose, Moderna, Pfizer, Novavax, and Lizhu achieved 99% effectiveness against the original strain, and all vaccines showed very high protection against severe illness. Therefore, this study comprehensively shows that a third homologous booster dose can effectively prevent symptomatic infection and severe illness from Delta, regardless of the vaccine type.
Heterogeneous boosting on the inactivated vaccine basis provides stronger protection
The third dose of the Lizhu bivalent vaccine has 11 times the neutralization level of the inactivated vaccine against Omicron
In summary, the Fudan University paper published in BMC Medicine illustrates the importance of a third dose. However, given that Omicron has become the dominant variant globally, with stronger immune escape capabilities and infectivity, further Omicron-specific research is crucial for future vaccination strategies. Recent research suggests that heterogeneous boosting on the inactivated vaccine basis may offer higher protection levels.
For example, in Lizhu's research, 5-7 months after receiving two doses of the inactivated vaccine, a booster dose was administered using an inactivated vaccine, Lizhu prototype vaccine (V-01), and Lizhu bivalent vaccine (a mixture of Delta and Beta). This included one homologous and two heterologous booster doses. The results showed that the GMT of neutralizing antibodies against Omicron live virus was 6.9 for the third dose of the inactivated vaccine, 34 for the Lizhu prototype vaccine, and 77 for the Lizhu bivalent vaccine. This means that in the live virus neutralization test, the neutralization levels of the Lizhu prototype and bivalent vaccines were 4.9 and 11.2 times that of the inactivated vaccine, respectively. After boosting with the bivalent vaccine, the neutralization level against Omicron is equivalent to the neutralization level of three doses of the inactivated vaccine against the original strain.
Some industry experts believe that the stronger protection provided by the Lizhu bivalent vaccine may be due to the greater antigenic epitope differences, inducing stronger and broader neutralizing antibody levels.
Based on this laboratory data, data from Phase III clinical trials in Pakistan and Malaysia also show that using the Lizhu vaccine (V-01) as a booster after two doses of the inactivated vaccine achieved 61.35% absolute protection against Omicron. Absolute protection, as defined by the WHO, is the effectiveness relative to a control group (uninfected and unvaccinated individuals), equivalent to the effectiveness of other vaccines in Phase III clinical trials. This suggests that Lizhu vaccine booster vaccination may be a better choice for Omicron prevention.
In addition, Lizhu Group has obtained a vaccine production license, and vaccine production has been fully automated, with high production capacity and easy scalability. It is reported that the current annual capacity of the bulk solution is 3.5 billion doses, and the finished product is expected to reach 1.5 billion doses, providing a solid guarantee for the subsequent high-quality supply of vaccines nationwide and globally.
From: "Securities Market Red Weekly"
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